Welding methods and techniques of joining materials.

Welding is a process in which we fuse metals or thermoplastics together by fusing, using heat or permanently joining fusible materials, the most commonly used of which are: wires, rods, electrodes and plastics.

Welding finds its application in various industries, as it replaces unsightly screws or poorly retaining rivets. Contrary to the previously mentioned, it enables the production of very precise, durable and effective forms of connecting elements, and thus, there is a great demand for specialists in a given field.

The contractor of this profession is a welder who, as the name suggests, deals with welding or trimming elements of metal structures. In industry, he will find his role as a locksmith, mechanic, installation fitter, as well as in craft plants, construction sites, metal factories, and even in mining industrializations.

There are many options for welding, including electric, laser, termination, hybrid, gas, and a combination of different methods.

• Gas welding is used for all types of steel and non-ferrous metals. It consists in melting the ends of metals by heating acetylene in the atmosphere of supplied oxygen with a flame.
• The coated electron welding method is used for all unalloyed, low-alloy and high-alloy steels, cast steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metals. This method is based on the fusion of metals at the point of their joining by means of an electric arc arising between the workpiece and the coated electrode. For arc welding, alternating or direct current is used.
• The method of welding with a consumable electrode in active gas shield is used in welding unalloyed, low-alloy and high-alloy steels. MAG (Metal Active Gas) is a process of arc welding with a consumable electrode in a shield of chemically active gas mixtures or gases. The consumable electrode is flux-cored or solid wire, which also acts as a binder. In MAG welding processes, gas mixtures or carbon dioxide are used as shielding gases.
• Inert gas arc welding with consumable electrode is used in welding non-ferrous metals. The MIG (Metal Inert Gas) method is performed by arc welding with a consumable electrode in the form of a solid wire in an inert gas shield. As in the MAG method, the wire also acts as a binder. Noble shielding gases are used in MIG welding.
• Welding with a non-consumable electrode in an inert gas shield is used for joining low-alloy and high-alloy steels as well as non-ferrous metals. The TIG method is not very economical, but it gives high precision and quality of the connection. TIG is an arc welding technique using a non-consumable electrode in an inert gas shield. The gases used to cover the welding area in the TIG method are: helium, argon or their mixture.